用英语介绍中国的地形地势

 

Terrain and Topography（地形地势）

我国地形复杂多样，山区面积广大。山区是指山地、丘陵和比较崎岖的高原的总称。我国山区面积占全国总面积的2/3，平原面积仅占10％多一点。除此以外，还有广阔的高原、盆地等，地形种类齐全，地质构造复杂。

地势西高东低，呈三级阶梯状分布。第一级阶梯——我国西南部的青藏高原，平均海拔4,000米以上，号称“世界屋脊”。第二级阶梯——青藏高原向东、向北到大兴安岭、太行山、巫山、雪峰山一线，主要由盆地、高原组成，海拔在1,000～2,000米之间；第三级阶梯——位于我国东部，主要由平原和丘陵组成，大部分地区海拔在500米以上。第三级阶梯向东，是我国大陆向海洋自然延伸的部分，是属于我国的近海大陆架，它包括渤海、黄海的全部，东海的大部分和南海的一部分。

1中国地形地势常识介绍

Chinas topography is varied and complicated, with towering mountains, basins of different sizes, undulating plateaus and hills, and flat and fertile plains.

A birds eye view of China would indicate that Chinas terrain descends in four steps from west to east.

The top of this four-step "staircase" is the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Averaging more than 4,000m above sea level, it is often called the "roof of the world." Rising 8,848m above sea level is Mt. Qomolangma, the worlds highest peak and the main peak of the Himalayas.

The second step includes the Inner Mongolia, Loess and Yunnan-Guizhou plateaus, and the Tarim, Junggar and Sichuan basins, with an average elevation of between 1,000m and 2,000m.

The third step, about 500- 1,000m in elevation, begins at a line drawn around the Greater Hinggan, Taihang, Wushan and Xuefeng mountain ranges and extends eastward to the coast. Here, from north to south are the Northeast Plain, the North China Plain and the Middle-Lower Yangtze Plain. Interspersed amongst the plains are hills and foothills.

To the east, the land extends out into the ocean, in a continental shelf, the fourth step of the staircase. The water here is less than 200m deep.

China abounds in rivers. More than 1,500 rivers each drain 1,000 sq km or larger areas. More than 2,700 billion cu.m. of water flow along these rivers,5.8 percent of the worlds total. Most of the large rivers find their source in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and as a result China is rich in waterpower resources, leading the world in hydropower potential, with reserves of 680 million kw.

2与中国地形地势有关的术语

1．地形相关名词翻译

平原 plain

低地 lowland

高地 highland

丘陵 hill

山 mountain

山脉 mountain range, mountain chain

岭 range, ridge

峰 peak, mount

山麓 piedmont

半岛 peninsula

岛屿 island

群岛 archipelago

海峡 strait

地峡 isthmus

盆地 basin

山间盆地 intermontain basin

山峰 mountain peak

崖 cliff, scarp

山麓平原 piedmont plain

高原 plateau

峡谷 gorge, canyon

谷 valley

2．地势相关名词翻译

第一阶梯 the first step

第二阶梯 the second step

第三阶梯 the third step

海拔［高度］，又称“绝对高度”

altitude, height above sea level

相对高度，又称“比高”

relative height

青藏高原 Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

云贵高原 Yunnan-Guizhou plateaus

3让我们谈谈中国地形地势

Cathy: What are you doing?凯西：你在做什么？

Jack: Im just looking at this map of China. Im preparing for a geography class.杰克：我在看中国地图。我正在为地理课做准备。

Cathy: There are no provinces marked on the map.凯西：地图上没有标记省份。

Jack: No, there arent. This map just shows the geographical features. Look at the Himalayan Plateau with the highest peaks in the world.杰克：对，没标。这张地图只显示地理特征。来看看世界第一高峰喜马拉雅山脉。

Cathy: It is the highest mountain in China and in the world. It is just so amazing.凯西：它不仅是中国最高的山而且是世界上最高的山，简直太神奇了。

Jack: I find it incredible how millions of years of volcanic activity have created mountains thousands of meters tall.杰克：几百万年前地球上的火山活动创造出几千米高的山，这真是太不可思议了。

Cathy: Rivers have created deep valleys and canyons.凯西：河流冲刷形成了峡谷。

Jack: Hey, dont you think the terrain and to pography of China is very interesting? Look, there are three staircases of its terrain.杰克：嘿，你不觉得中国的地形地势非常有趣吗？看，它的地形有三级阶梯。

Cathy: Yes, I see, the first "staircase" is the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.凯西：是的，我看见了，第一节阶梯是青藏高原。

Jack: It is interesting. Look, here is the Middle-Lower Yangtze Plain.杰克：很有趣，看，这里是长江中下游平原。

Cathy: Yeah, it is all so interesting. Ill have to find more information about it on the Internet. Or perhaps I should try and attend your geography class.凯西：是的啊，全部都很有趣。我要去上网搜搜更多相关的信息。也许我应该去听听你们的地理课。

Jack: I will warmly welcome you. Hey, I will have a presentation about it this class. You can really come and I will be more confident if you are there.杰克：我会热情欢迎你的。嘿，我这堂课有个展示，如果你能在那里，我会更加自信的。

Cathy: OK, I will come. Anyway, it is also a good chance to learn more about Chinas terrain and topography. I wont miss it.凯西：好的，我会去的，不管怎样，这可是一个能够知道更多中国地形地势的好机会，我可是不会错过的。

4再多学点单词吧！

fertile adj.富饶的，肥沃的；能生育的

Fertile lands in some states could be mistaken for lakes.

有些州肥沃的土地可能会被误当作湖泊。

elevation n.高地；海拔；提高；崇高；正面图

The third coordinate is elevation.

第三项坐标是高地。

drain vt.喝光，耗尽；使流出；排掉水

If we re-route the emergency generators, we could drain a stairway.

如果能够启动紧急发电机的话，可以抽干楼梯的水。

hydropower n.水力发出的电力；水利发电

China has abundant hydropower resources.

水电资源充裕。